AVALANCHE
An Avalanche (snowslide) is natural disaster ,in which a rapid flow of snow down a hill, terrain and mountainside. Although avalanches can occur on any slope given the right conditio-ns, certain times of the year and certain locations are naturally more dangerous than others.However, avalanche fatalities have been recorded for every month of the year,after snowfalls...
People who trapped in an avalanche are die from problems such as suffocation, hypothermia, or trauma.
Warning systems:- This can be detect before avalanches take place, because in initial period move very slow. such as snowfalls avalanches caused by icefalls from glaciers. By using Interferometric Radars, high-resolution Cameras, or motion sensors can monitor instable areas over a long term, lasting from days to years. Experts interpret the recorded data and are able to recognize upcoming ruptures in order to initiate appropriate measures. In modern radar technology enables the monitoring of large areas and the localization of avalanches at any weather condition, by day or night. Complex alarm systems are able to detect avalanches within a short time in order to close. An example of such a system is installed on the only access road of Zermatt in Switzerland.Two radars monitor the slope of a mountain above the road. The system automatically closes the road by activating several barriers and traffic lights within seconds such that no people are harmed. Classification:- There are two main types of snow avalanches.
Sluff avalanches occur when the weak layer of a snowpack is on the top. A sluff is a small slide of dry, powdery snow that moves as a formless mass. Sluffs are much less dangerous than slab avalanches. The largest avalanches form turbulent suspension currents known as powder snow avalanches or mixed avalanches. These consist of a powder cloud, which overlies a dense avalanche. They can form from any type of snow or initiation mechanism, but usually occur with fresh dry powder. They can exceed speeds of 320 kilometres per hour and masses of 05 to 15 million tonnes; their flows can travel long distances along flat valley bottom and even uphill for short distances. Slab avalanches:- Slab or block avalanche are the most dangerous type of avalanche. They are the largest source of winter hazards, and most are triggered by the victims. Slab avalanche is caused by repeated snow accumulation or re-deposition by wind. They are characterized by fractures of blocks or slab ice severed from their surroundings. Elements of slab avalanche include the following: -
Crowns and flank fractures are vertical walls in ice, which destroy ice in ice that is entangled in an avalanche by ice on the slope. Slab avalanches can vary in thickness from a few centimeters to a few meters. The army searched and rescued after the avalanche hit the trucks. Army aviation helicopters were also pressed into service. Officials said at least five-six people were killed. Soldiers stationed in South Pullu and North Pullu were also taken to the incident site. Simultaneously, an army helicopter was put into service to move a highly trained avalanche rescue team called the Army's "Avalanche Panthers Teams" from Siachen Base Camp and North Pullu. These teams are equipped with specialized avalanche rescue equipment, medical equipment and avalanche rescue dogs, which are being used in search and rescue operations. Army aviation helicopters were also used to move deep search radars that can detect humans through ice. The bodies of four of the 10-12 civilians buried under the avalanche have been recovered. |
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